Looking at the Effects of Neurofeedback on Medication Dependence
Information from Alhambra, M.A., et al, (1995). EEG Biofeedback: A new treatment option for ADD/ADHD. Journal of Neurotherapy, 1995, 1 (2), 39-43.
ADHD Treatment and Research
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Caution: People who should usually avoid Audio-Visual Stimulation (AVS) include people with serious, chronic effects of head injuries, psychiatric illness, or seizure activity.

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Results of EEG Biofeedback Therapy on 24 subjects who were taking Ritalin® (methylphenidate):
  • 33% experienced reduced symptoms after EEG Biofeedback Therapy, showing they responded better to the medication
  • 46% decreased the amount of medication after EEG Biofeedback Therapy
  • 21% eliminated medication altogether after EEG Biofeedback Therapy


The Use of A/V Stimulation in Improving Performance of Children with ADHD

Author: Larry Micheletti, PhD, LCSW, BCIA-C
Summary of Doctoral Dissertation
Purpose
The study, conducted at University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, compared the effectiveness of standard treatment for ADHD using stimulant medications (Ritalin® & Adderall®) to the effectiveness of Audio/Visual Stimulation (AVS) only or to the effectiveness of a combination of medication and AVS treatment. The 99 children in this controlled study all had the diagnosis of ADHD.

Method
Four separate groups were compared:
1. AVS Group
2. AVS/Stimulant Medication Group
3. Stimulant Medication Group
4. Self-selected Comparison Group

Standard evaluations of achievements measured the cognitive functioning levels of all the participants in the study. These evaluation instruments included the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), Raven Progressive Matrices (Raven’s), and the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT-R).
The Attention Deficit Disorder Evaluation Scale (ADDES) and the Intermediate Visual and Auditory (IVA) Continuous Performance Test measured behavioral changes.

Results
Both the AVS group and the stimulant medication group showed significant improvements in cognitive and behavioral areas. The combined AVS and stimulant medication groups showed the greatest improvements. The stimulant medication group showed less change when compared to the AVS and AVS/Stimulant groups. The self-selected comparison group or control indicated no change on any measurement. Further study is indicated to explore and replicate the findings in this study.

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